Collision Avoidance: ADS-B or TCAS :: Essays Papers

Collision Avoidance: ADS-B or TCAS INTRODUCTION Background Collision avoidance is something that has been a problem in aviation for a long time. Most of the flights conducted today rely on the see and avoid concept and ground radar. Both of which have their flaws. The FAA predicts that mid-air collisions will increase by 300% over the next 20 years due to the increase in flights being flown by all areas of the aviation community (Kraus xiv). Civil aircraft have had onboard protection from midair collisions only since 1990 and general aviation aircraft are not required to have any collision avoidance technology onboard(www.cassd.org 1). In order to effectively manage the national airspace system in the future we will need to implement Free Flight. Free Flight is a concept designed to enhance safety and efficiency of the airspace by allowing aircraft to choose their own route instead of using victor airways (www.ads-b.com 1). Along with this freedom there is still the problem of aircraft separation which when on an instrument flight plan is air traffic control's (ATC) responsibility. In free flight there may be areas where ATC cannot give the required collision avoidance necessary. In order to safely manage the safety zone around an aircraft, pilots will need to rely on systems installed in the aircraft for better separation. Purpose The purpose of this report is to identify whether Automatic Dependence Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B) or Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS II) should be placed in all aircraft if the FAA decides that there is a need for some collision avoidance technology to be required for all aircraft. TCAS is currently required on all commercial passenger aircraft over 30 seats and ADS-B is currently being tested. Scope In this report, I will discuss:  · Automatic Dependant Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B)  · ADS-B's Advantages and Disadvantages  · Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS)  · TCAS's Advantages and Disadvantages  · Summarize which system is better for collision avoidance Body ADS-B ADS-B is a collision avoidance tool that allows aircraft to transmit position, speed, heading and identification via a data link to either other aircraft in the air or on the ground and/or controllers on the ground. ADS-B can also be used with equipped vehicles on the surface movement area. An ADS-B emitter will periodically broadcast the required information obtained from the onboard navigation systems. Other equipped aircraft will be able to receive this information and view it on the Cockpit Display of Traffic Information (CDTI).

Advertising for Kids

No matter what children are doing, they are always surrounded by advertisements. Whether it is watching television, Reading a book/magazine, or browsing the internet; advertisements are everywhere. Eric Schlosser has a good point when he argues in his essay â€Å"Kid Kustomers† that more advertisements are being directed towards children each day. It is not only directed toward children, but influencing children to beg their parents for products they do not need or even want. As in, the stuff they see on television are not essentials for life. Children want them simply because they â€Å"look cool. Schlosser explains how in the 1980’s parents felt bad for leaving their children at home all day without spending any quality time with them, so they started buying them good toys, clothes, or whatever else they wanted to make up for this (519). Prior to this, there were only a handful of companies that targeted children, and now almost every company is. For example, Schloss er describes a study published in 1991 from the Journal of the American Medical Association stating, â€Å"nearly all of America’s six-year-olds could identify Joe Camel, who was just as familiar to them as Mickey Mouse† (520).Schlosser later explains one-third of the illegal cigarettes sold to minors were Camel. However, more recently, there have been surveys conducted throughout the malls of America asking children to describe every detail they could about their favorite advertisements. One marketer explained, â€Å"It’s not just getting the kids to whine, it’s giving them a specific reason to ask for the product† (520). The marketer simply means, the advertisers goal is to make children to want the product. The product has to be loud, colorful, and interesting or they need to be able to do something with it to make them want it.For example, the study concluded the talking Chihuahua in the Taco Bell ads were the most popular out of the fast food ads, but the most popular out of all the ads was the ad for Budweiser. To add to the idea of marketers surveying children in the study in the previous paragraph, Schlosser uses the book Kids as Costumers by James U. McNeal as a source. McNeal describes the different ways of nagging children will do towards their parents in order to get what they want or to get their way.In order for children to do so, advertisers found a way to learn the children’s interest: by studying their lives, then putting the information into the advertisements (521-522). For instance, imagine a marketer discovered children who are girls enjoy watching television shows about fairies and/or play computer games that involve a cute animal mascot; the marketer will then somehow to put those subjects in an advertisement, young girls would want that product. After mentioning the different studies, Schlosser then explains how improving advertisements are more directed towards children.He ends the essay on a s trong not by explaining how the Walt Disney Company signed a contract with McDonalds. Schlosser states, â€Å"Now you can buy a Happy Meal at the Happiest Place on Earth† (526). By McDonalds and Disney combining, children are more likely to beg to their parents to go to Disney World. Eric Schlosser mentions some interesting points in the essay. He is correct when he states that advertisements are harshly aimed toward children. Reviewing back at the advertisements I remember seeing as a kid, when I about 10 years old, I remember looking at the advertisements and seeing amny items that caught my attention and interests.These interests were the following: drinks, toys, movies, new TV shows, and clothes. It makes me reflect on my behavior towards my parents when seeing such ads. While I currently have a younger sister, who watches cartoons, I have noticed the advertisements have declined from their original purposes. One of the declines that advertisements are played on the incor rect TV channels. For example, commercials for a rated PG-13 (or a higher rating movie) should not be played on a TV channel that little children watch.Today a great number of little kids have cellphones, laptops, expensive clothes, and so many more things children should not have, simply because they are not old enough. Cell phones are mainly used for when a person is not around anybody else; young children are always around an adult and if something were to go wrong, the adult would know who to call. According to James U. McNeal, there are seven types of â€Å"nags†: the pleading nag, persistent nag, forceful nag, demonstrative nag, sugarcoated nag, threatening nags, and pity nags. Then he describes his research discovered, â€Å"kids tend to stick to one or two of each that prove most effective . . for their own parents† (521). For example, a child could start crying in the middle of the store repeatedly saying â€Å"please mom/dad† until the parent either gi ves in. The same goes for a child whom could tell their parents they are going to run away if they do not give them a certain product, but either way, it is up to the parent on whether or not they will give in to the nags. Some children perform well at figuring out which nag works best. Everybody knows children (particularly small children) love all kinds of animals. However, do we know exactly how much? A study done by Dan S.Acuff, the author of the book What Kids Buy and Why, suggests that about 80% of children’s dreams are about animals until they are the age of six (522). Also it suggests the reason why so many characters in children’s TV shows and movies have animals as their mascots. Having so, helped the advertisement groups realize they needed new mascots. There is a Character Lab that helps companies make these new mascots, the Youth Market System Consulting that uses, â€Å"technique purports to create imaginary characters who perfectly fit the targeted age group’s level of cognitive and neurological development† (522).However, one flaw in Schlosser’s argument is he does not reflect on the positive advertisements children are watching every day. He mainly mentions how children want their parents to buy them fast food and cigarettes and alcoholic beverages. Though many advertisements are attempting to get children to buy healthy products. For example, I have seen from the TV my younger sister watches, some commercials are about getting out of the house and playing outside with friends. With this commercial, children will get excited to get out of the house and play with outdoor toys, getting exercise, and interacting with other children.Another commercial on the Disney Channel there was an advisement with Michelle Obama telling children to eat healthier and she while gave diet tips. Not only does this advertisement have a popular person in it, but that popular person is the President’s wife. Having her in the ad influences the children to have excitement because they are doing something the President’s wife wants. In addition, this advertisement has children asking their parents for healthier food choices around the house and they will rely the diet tips to their parents.In addition, there are many other commercials on Disney Channel about â€Å"going green† and recycling. On the other hand, there are â€Å"Above the Influence† commercials that express to children that drinking alcohol, smoking cigarettes, and doing drugs are a bad habit, but they always have the option to say â€Å"no. † Without advertisements like these, children would not be as well educated as they are about it now. These types of advertisements make children ask questions to parents, teachers, and older siblings about what is considered right and wrong and the different types of foods that should be in the house.This also helps children focus on more than the TV or computer. In all, sever al points can be made about whether or not advertisements positively or negatively affect kids, or if they are making people buy more products. I believe most advertisements do have a negative effect on children and there should be laws in place to keep this from getting worse. However, in the end Eric Schlosser has declared many points to suggest that his study is correct. He has many sources which proves his knowledge about this topic prior to writing about it.In addition, he orders the essay really well by stating his opinion then backing it up with facts. The only thing he does not preform do in his essay, is explaining and expanding on the other side. Other than that, the essay is good and has made myself pay more attention to whom the advertisement is aimed toward. Works Cited Schlosser, Eric. â€Å"Kid Kustomers. † From Inquiry to Academic Writing. 2nd ed. Ed. Stuart Green and April Lidinsky. Boston: Bedford/ St. Martin’s, 2012. 519-527. Print.

The Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx - 1007 Words

The Communist Manifesto was first published on the eve of the revolutions of which shook things up in Europe in 1848. It was written by Communists, that assembled their thoughts and views in order to directly tell of their goals, views and clear up any miscommunications. The audience targeted is the public, therefore being somewhat general and easy to comprehend; it was to act as a window, a widened view on Communism, as a theory and political communist movement. This book is composed of four sections, the first part dealing with Communists’ theory of history and the relationship between proletariats and bourgeoisie. In the second part, Marx explains the relationship between the Communists and the proletarians. The third part addresses†¦show more content†¦It was evidence that the bourgeoise class relied heavily upon the proletariat class in order to live their lavish lifestyle, flourish and survive. The bourgeoise abused their position in power and were cruel to the people who ultimately supported them. Although at times these two classes share somewhat of a mutualism relation, with the industrialists creating more factories, generating more jobs for the working class. Marx claims that the bourgeois society are its own â€Å"grave diggers† that what the bourgeoisie, therefore, produces, above all, is its own grave-diggers. Its fall and the victory of the proletariat are equally inevitable,† (?) simply meaning that their cards are already layed out, their future is set in stone and will inevitably self destruct. Marx declares that the main problem is â€Å"the epidemic of over-production.† As the market continues to thrive and grow, it leaves no room for adaptation to the vast accumulation of wealth. Marx describes the bourgeois as â€Å"incompetent to assure an existence to its slave within his slavery, because it cannot help letting him sink into such a state, that it has to feed him, instead of being fed by him† (?). Marx doesnt believe that the bourgeois are fit to rule, because they are only concerned with their living conditions and not society’s(proletariat), they alienate themselves from the rest destroying any possibility ofShow MoreRelatedKarl Marx And The Communist Manifesto1044 Words   |  5 Pagesworld was forever changed when Karl Marx published The Communist Manifesto, the ideas of a stateless and classless society would inspire many, and forge the path that many nations would follow, and give rise to numerous conflicts throughout the 20th century. Karl Marx was born in Trier, Germany on May 5th 1818. During his early years he studied philosophy and law, in 1834 Marx had moved to Paris and had adopted a radical view of socialism known as communism. Marx met and became friends with aRead MoreThe Communist Manifesto By Karl Marx1364 Words   |  6 PagesThe Communist Manifesto, written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, has become one of the world s most significant pieces of political propaganda written to this date. The main contributor to the book was Karl Marx. Marx was born on May 5th, 1818 in Western Germany. When he turned seventeen he enrolled at the University of Bonn to study law. Due to his social misbehavior, his father had him transferred to the University of Berlin, which had a stricter regime. During this time at college, heRead MoreKarl Marx And The Communist Manifesto1185 Words   |  5 PagesIn their work called The Communist Manifesto, which was created in 1848, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels are exploring their ideas and thoughts on the situation that was taking place in their time : the distinction that was more and more visible between two social classes - proletariat and bourgeoisie. The two authors are explaining how the bourgeoisie is exploiting the working class. They are encouraging the oppressed workers to rise and to confront this injustice in order to make their life betterRead MoreThe Communist Manifesto By Karl Marx1094 Words   |  5 Pagesthe rich and the o ppressed would battle the oppressor. During the time â€Å"The Communist Manifesto† was written, we can see two distinct classes battling out as well. These two classes are the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. According to Karl Marx in â€Å"The Communist Manifesto†, the battle will end â€Å"either in a revolutionary reconstitution of society at large, or in the common ruin of the contending classes† (Marx 8). Marx argues that in the end the proletariat would remain because the bourgeoisie areRead MoreKarl Marx And The Communist Manifesto1112 Words   |  5 PagesFail- Past, Present, and Future Karl Marx was born in Prussia in 1818. Later in his life he became a newspaper editor and his writings ended up getting him expelled by the Prussian authorities for its radicalism and atheism (Perry 195). He then met Fredrich Engels and together they produced The Communist Manifesto in 1848, for the Communist League. This piece of writing basically laid out Marx’s theory of history in short form (Coffin 623). The Communist Manifesto is mainly revolved around how societyRead MoreThe Communist Manifesto By Karl Marx Essay1374 Words   |  6 PagesKarl Marx is undoubtedly one the the most influential and controversial writers in modern history; Robert Tucker, a noted political scientist at Princeton University, once asserted, â€Å"[Marx] profoundly affected ideas about history, society, economics, ideology, culture, and politics [and] about the nature of social inquiry itself. No other intellectual influence has so powerfully shaped the mind of modern left-wing radicalism in most parts of the world.† (9). Indeed, his innumerable works, in particularRead MoreThe Communist Manifesto By Karl Marx Essay1426 Words   |  6 PagesKarl Marx is undoubtedly one the most influential and controversial writers in modern history; Robert Tucker, a noted political scientist at Princeton University, once asserted, â€Å"[Marx] profoundly affected ideas about history, society, economics, ideology, culture, and politics [and] about the nature of social inquiry itself. No other intellectual influence has so powerfully shaped the mind of modern left-wing radicalism in most parts of the world.† (9). Indeed, his innumerable works, in particularRead MoreThe Communist Manifesto By Karl Marx1678 Words   |  7 PagesThe Communist Manifesto composed by Karl Marx in 1848 is noted as a standout amongst the most powerful political archives on the planet. The distribution of the book earned Marx the notoriety of a conspicuous humanist and political scholar. Regardle ss of his eminence, there are numerous discussions concerning the thoughts and ideas of socialism figured in the papers that are still heatedly faced off regarding even today. Marx (1998) opened the book with, The historical backdrop of all up to thisRead MoreKarl Marx And The Communist Manifesto1453 Words   |  6 PagesIn the Communist Manifesto, a document that first proclaimed the ideology of communism itself, Marx declared that the â€Å"history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles† (Marx, Karl and Frederick Engels). As a man who spurred resentment of governments and inspired revolutionaries, Karl Marx is often regarded as a man who led to the rise of 20th century tyrannical dictators such as Stalin and Mao to take power. His ideas are regarded as failures and, by some, are seen asRead MoreKarl Marx And The Communist Manifesto993 Words   |  4 PagesKarl Marx published The Communist Manifesto in 1848, and with it a public warning to capi talists that the entire economic, social and political systems would soon crumble. His prediction continues by stating where society was headed as a result of bourgeoisie economics: a revolution by the workers and the eventual ushering in of socialism. Soon after Marx publicized the reasons communism would come to conquer capitalism, riots, strikes and general unrest surfaced in France – just as he predicted

Poes The Cask Of Amontillado Themes Essay - 662 Words

Poes The Cask of Amontillado: Themes UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARANà  Curitiba, 8 de outubro de 1996 Curso: Letras - Inglà ªs / Noturno Disciplina: Literatura Norte Americana I Aluno: Anderson Josà © Nogueira nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;TASK: To write a summary theme of Poes quot;The Cask Of Amontilladoquot; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;One of the main themes of Edgar Allan Poes The Cask Of Amontillado is revenge. In this summary theme I intend to demonstrate how dramatic irony is used all along the short story as a way of reminding us the true intentions of the character who vowed revenge. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Firstly I will make a†¦show more content†¦nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Certain evening, quot; during the supreme madness of carnival season...quot;, Montressor meets his quot;friendquot; Fortunato and Montressor is very kind, even affectionate towards him. He greets Fortunato... quot;My dear Fortunato, you are luckly met...quot; . The reader that knows Montressors real intentions notices here that this greeting has another meaning, different from what it would mean if we did not know about Montressors plan. Once we are aware of Montressors intentions, we perceive that the real meaning of the sentence could be something like MY ODIOUS ENEMY FORTUNATO, IT IS BAD LUCK FOR YOU HAVING MET ME, for instance. Here, the irony dresses itself with a bitter taste of sadist disguised angry. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;However, there are passages in which is impossible to assure that Montressor w as using irony in his speech. For example, in the passage that Fortunato says- quot;Enough (...), the cough is a mere nothing; it will not kill me. IShow MoreRelated The Yellow Wallpaper and The Cask Of Amontillado763 Words   |  4 PagesThe Yellow Wallpaper and The Cask Of Amontillado  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚      The short story, The Yellow Wallpaper, written by Charlotte Gilman, and The Cask of Amontillado written by Edgar Allan Poe, are stories in which the plots are very different, but share similar qualities with the elements in the story. The Cask of Amontillado is a powerful tale of revenge, in which the narrator of the tale pledges revenge upon Fortunato for an insult. The Yellow Wallpaper is a story about a womanRead MoreThe Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe Essay1693 Words   |  7 PagesThe Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe In The Cask of Amontillado, Edgar Allan Poe uses several different artistic choices in the construction of the story. He manipulates the story to be the way he wants it to be by using the point of view of the narrator, the setting, and a common monotonous sentiment throughout. Poe is successful in maintaining a spirit of perverseness that is prevalent in most of his works. The point of view plays a very important role in influencing the readers perceptionRead MoreThe Autobiographical Elements in the Works of Edgar Allan Poe1663 Words   |  7 Pagesloved one. He also wrote, The Raven, in which the narrator went insane talking to a bird about losing his lost Lenore and realizing he was all alone. A third poem in which Poe revealed to the reader his feelings of loneliness was, The Cask of Amontillado. In this story, the main character Fortunato, was left to die in a tomb after being tricked by his loves father. Lastly, the poem, Silence, strongly suggested that he felt alone in the world, and was longing for companionship. SufferingRead More Poe’s Life†¦ At the Tip of a Pen Essay2201 Words   |  9 Pagestruths, which have yet to be uncovered. The people and experiences throughout Edgar Allan Poe’s lifetime have influenced various themes including: insanity, revenge, death, and guilt which can be distinguished through a collection of his works. Poe endured more than any individual should endure, and experienced so much negativity it was almost inevitable that the theme of insanity would appear in his works. He suffered from an excessive amount of hardships and tragedies throughout his life thatRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe s Writing Style1942 Words   |  8 Pagesfor him, his parents being two big influences. From his dad, he got alcoholism and his need for revenge. A lot of the works from Poe’s later years before he died featured alcohol. This is when he started heavily drinking and it remained a constant theme in his later years. Many of Poe’s stories talk about people get the revenge they deserved. His father was the same way and believed everyone should have to pay for whatever they did in their lives. Poe also got his narcissistic personality from his

Mirrored Worlds - 1566 Words

There are many instances throughout literature where two pieces, told by two different narrators, and telling two different stories can be found to have similar textual qualities. This instance can be shown between A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson by Mary Rowlandson herself and Our Nig by Harriet E. Wilson. The stories depict the great suffering of two individuals who express similar qualities in their writings; the qualities being that each piece is a captivity narrative, there is a struggle with faith, and a silenced sexual subtext. The first piece by Rowlandson tells the story of a white Puritan woman. She is captured by Native Americans, and goes through many hardships as she is held against her†¦show more content†¦The second similarity between the two pieces is seen with their struggles with faith. Rowlandson starts off in the beginning of her narrative already a Puritan follower. Her plight through captivity, she says, only str engthened her faith. Many say her narrative to be a religious allegory, telling the tale of her captivity on the surface, but further looking to the deeper journey of faith that she endures. The entire narrative shows Rowlandson’s religious journey, and even while looking at the twenty removes that take place, one can see that each of these removes represent the stages of her spiritual journey. Jordan Stein argues in the â€Å"Historiography of Sexuality† that Rowlandson, â€Å"suggests that her experience displays God’s truth rather than her own† (483). This other major point seen in her work shows she believes her capture to have been a test of her faith by God himself. In terms of a strengthened faith that is not exactly what is found by Frado in Wilson’s Our Nig. Frado starts off as having no real religious beliefs. At the Bellmonts house she soon befriends Aunt Abby and the Bellmonts son, James, who both have strong religious background s. Throughout the story, both characters hope for a conversion in Frado and push with her to attend church, religious meetings, and to teach her the Bible. Frado also has a strong desire for a conversion because she loves these two characters and wants to make them happy; she however,Show MoreRelatedCave Johnson : A Man Of Big Ideas894 Words   |  4 PagesGreat job, astronaut, war hero, and/or Olympian! With your help, we’re gonna change the world! There were people who would call him a villain, but no one ever really aims to be the evil one. Cave Johnson was a man of big ideas, a man who wanted to change the world. Cave Johnson lived in endless pursuit of heroism. People said it was about the money. Aperture was as much a company as it was a research facility, and their impressive products sold for a pretty penny. It was true that Cave was happyRead MoreEssay on Metaphysics of Ovid and Dante742 Words   |  3 Pagesto the same exact query. Mankind has questioned the existence of a metaphysical realm for generations and consequently shapes the nature of the supernatural world. The complex pagan religious system of the Romans mirrored that of the Greeks, but what Ovid sought to create was a solid (nearly Bible-like) account of the formation of the world and the source of the multifarious gods. Essentially, Ovid is seeking to rationalize and dogmatize the dozens of deities. 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The common school of thought, as presented in this book, is that European identity reaches modernity after 1492 with the discovery of the radically different culture of Indigenous Americans (p. 9). Boyarin argues that this is untrue, as this belief operates under the incorrectRead MoreThe Social And Historical Context Of A Portrait Of The Artist As A Young Man And My Son1436 Words   |  6 PagesStephens cultural, family and religious constraints are easier to comprehend if you view him as a mirrored portrayl of Daedalus, trapped within the confinements of the labrynth, both seeking a means to escape. In then end both protagonists do escape their confinements to their freedom. The secondary character within the myth, Icarus, is shown to have wings made of wax. Icarus can also be seen as a mirrored image of Stephen. Icarus is told not to fly too close to the sun, similar to when Stephen is toldRead MoreReading Is The Way Up And Out And Into A Better Life For These Poor Children902 Words   |  4 Pagesprofessor loves. Many suggest that reading is nerdy or not social, which makes no sense because in philosophy reading is a key to understanding a certain subject matter. One will not go anywhere in life if reading is not there. Children in rural or third world countries would love to learn to read and write. It is one of mankind’s biggest challenges. The ability to read is the way up and out and into a better life for these poor children. Reading allows the mind to open up to new ideas or thoughts thatRead MoreReading Is The Way Up And Out And Into A Better Life For These Poor Children906 Words   |  4 Pagesloves. It is portrayed that reading is ne rdy or not social, which makes no sense because in philosophy, reading is a key to understanding a certain subject matter. 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(Wise) Thai Culture –Values and Norms Religion is the main stimulus and what shapes Thai value. Buddhism the major religion, accounting for 94% of the population. (Wise) Therefore Buddhism beliefs and practices are mirrored in Thai’s personalities. They believe in reincarnation and karma, and this reflects how their moral structure is based, and how they make decisions. Also disrespecting their rituals and symbolize can be very offending to a Thai. Being a constitutionalRead MoreIs the Rise of the East Viewed as a Threat or an Opportunity?1477 Words   |  6 Pagesto further world unity. This is an increasingly relevant debate as many have predicted China’s growth to continue at a steady rate in both the short and medium terms. This paper will examine the reality of the potential threats and the extent of the opportunities. What constitutes a threat and opportunity is entirely dependent on the perspective so, this paper will assume the perspective of the United States for the reasons of size and influence it has on the rest of the Western world. One of

Human Resource Management Issues in International Market Sample

Question: Identify and Discuss the Human Resource Management Issues that a HR Manager in Melbourne would have to Consider when Relocating a Manager from Australia to Manage a Subsidiary branch of an Australian Multinational Organisation that is Located in London in the United Kingdom. Answer: Introduction In present time, the organizations are becoming globalized. It is very critical now for the organizations to use expatriates for the business operations in the international market. The multinational companies are using expatriates not only for expansion of the business but also to develop international management competences in the international market. It is observed that human resource management faces many problems in the international market as the international environment is more complex (CaligiuriTarique, 2012). There are many evidences which suggest that international human resource management is the important part to determine the success or failure of the companies in the international market. There can be many reasons for failure such as incapability of communicating and coordinating the activities in the international business by the companies. The aim of this essay is to identify the human resource issues in London which can be faced by an Australian company while expan ding its business in London market. There can be many issues for the managers while locating in new country for business perspective (Briscoe, Schuler Claus, 2011). International human resource management There are various literatures focusing on the international human resource issues for the HR managers. At the micro level of HRM, HR managers are concerned with the global coordination of HR policies and procedures to achieve the business goals. In the time of globalization, companies are focused on the expansion of the business in the international market. Companies are expanding their business in the various countries to achieve growth and success. The company which is going to enter in the London market must take into consideration the challenges and issues to avoid the chances of failure (John, Lynette Tony, 2004). The human resource management is not limited to planning, recruiting, staffing, labor relation, performance management and compensation within the organization. The concept of human resource management has now turned into international human resource management. Because of the development international human resource management in the organizations, the work actions o f the HR managers are becoming more complex having many functions such as managerial services, global relocation, education and apprising the employees in the global environment, international taxation, and inter-government relations etc (Hutchings, Fenwick Cieri, 2007). So, global human resource management is different from the domestic HRM due to many complications. The manager from the Australian company may face many issues and challenges related to the culture and other factors while working in the London branch. The culture and environment in the London is differing from the Australia and it may create various challenges for the manager in London market (Khalid Rehman, 2010). Challenges in London It is observed that human resource management is the main base of competitive advantage for each company. In other words, human resource management affects the presentation of the managers with the strategic management. Basically, International human resource management is the mixture of different processes, procedures, and roles which are accepted to attract, maintain and develop the customers in the companies. It is easy to locate the company in the international market but it is not simple to operate the business in the global marketplace. The manager, who goes in the international market for operating business, can face many issues related to the environment and culture (Stankiewicz, 2015). Some of the main challenges and issues are as follows: Cultural diversity- No any prior information of local culture of target country can be a big challenge for the manager. Common business practices in the London are not proper while managing the staff. Manager can suffer from the loss of morale in the new country. This is the silent issue in the international market which can impact the performance of the manager. The culture of Australia is quite differing from the culture of London. It will not be easier for a person to adjust in the London without prior training. Although there are some similarities in both of the cultures but the livings of the Australians and English people are different (Taylor, 2015). The business and work culture of both the countries are also different. In Australia, punctuality is must in the business meetings and people in the meeting keeps short and to the point. On the other and, the work culture of London is different from the Australian culture. In the business meetings, people are more reserved in the meetings as compared to Australians. This can be the challenge for the manager of Australian country (Katie, 2016). Currency issue- To operate business across the local boundaries is not an easy task. Managers have to deal with the foreign currencies while operating the business in the intentional market. Managers need to understand the conversion rates and the currency exchange rates of London to complete the money transactions effectively. Incorrect calculation and any kind of mistake in the can increase legal complications in the business and can affect the bottom line of the business. HR Manager in the London market needs to develop company-wide policy to instruct that manager about accounting practices in London market (Okpara Pamela 2008). Law and regulations- The business of Australian country will not get success and growth if the manager ignores legalities and the regulations of London. Tax laws, government controls, and health and safety standards are different in London from Australia. It can create the issue for that manager who is going to relocate in the branch of London. So, there is the need to provide information about the laws of London by the HR managers which can impact the business and the life of that manager (Darby Williamson, 2012). It is the job of HR manager to research and communicate about rules and regulations of London. Manager should remember that things can be changed quickly in certain areas due to the change of economy and political power. To avoid the pitfalls, manager should be aware of laws and regulations in London market (Tessema Soeters, 2006). Human resource management and employment relations issues affecting work life Proper HRM practices and employment relations are the most important functions for the success of organization in the international market. There are some HRM and employees relation issues that can impact the performance of manage in London. Those issues are as follows: Lack of training and education- Manager has to face many issues while handling the business in London. Without proper training and education of international market, it is very critical for manage to adjust in the London market. Training and development are perceived as the important activities to get good business results. HR managers have to provide proper training of cross-cultural market so that the manager in London branch can be able to handle the business effectively. Without proper training, the performance of the manger can decrease (Gurbuz, 2009). Lack of succession planning- Without any succession plan, manager in the foreign country will be demotivated. No any prior succession planning, it will impact the motivation of that manager. Manager will not be able to perform and produce desired result as he will know that there will be no any reward accordingly. The lack of succession planning will be the cause of unhealthy office politics (Hansson, 2007). Ambiguous job description- Imperfect job description can also affect the performance of manager in London market. This will lead the manager who does not know about his job role and responsibility. It will also create many complications in achieving the organizational goals (Abbott, 2006). This will create dissatisfaction and tension in his job and decrease the performance of the manager. Manager will be unhappy as he will be unable to utilize his skills abilities and knowledge based on his specialization. Due to ambiguous job description and specification, manager will feel demotivated in his job role. The human resource manager is responsible for providing right job role to the right person n the organization (Green et al, 2006). So, these are some human resource management and employees relation issues which can affect the performance of the manager in the London branch. Conclusion This essay discusses about the international HRM and the issues faced by the manager of an Australian company who is relocated in the branch of London. From the above analysis, it is observed that entering in the global market is not an easy job. The HR managers have to experience various issues and challenges such as HR rules and actions, and actions and attitude of the customers. It is also observed that international human resource management is a complex process. So, it is clear that manager of the Australian company has to face many challenges in the London market while operating business there. Further, there are some issues such as different business culture, Currency issue, and different Law and regulations which can be faced by the manager in London market. The business and work culture of both the countries are also different. Apart from this, HRM practices and employment relations can also impact the performance of manage in London. Due to Lack of training and educationthe performance of the manger can decrease. Lack of succession planning and Ambiguous job description can create dissatisfaction and tension in his job and decrease the performance of the manager. So it is important for the HR manager to look after these issues for the success of the company in London market. References Abbott, K., (2006). A Review of Employment Relations Theories and Their Application: Problems and Perspectives in Management. 1 Briscoe, D.R., Schuler, R.S., Claus, L., (2011). (3rd). IHRM: Policies and Practices for Multinational Enterprises, Routledge Chapman Hall Caligiuri, P., Tarique, I., (2012). Dynamic cross-cultural competencies and global leadership effectiveness: Journal of world business. 47. 612-622 Darby, R., Williamson, C., (2012). CHALLENGES TO INTERNATIONA HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: The management of employee risk in the humanitarian aid and security sectors: Int. J. Human Resources Development and Management. 12 (3) Green, W. K., Wu, C., Whitten, D., and Medlin, B. (2006).The Impact of Strategic Human Resource Management on Firm Performance and HR professionals Work Attitude and Work Performance: International Journal of human resource Management. 8(3).263-276 Gurbuz, S., (2009).The effect of high performance HR practices on employees job satisfaction: Istanbul University Journal of The School Of Business Administration. 38. 110-123 Hansson, B., (2007).Company?based determinants of training and the impact of training on company performance: Personnel Review.36 (2). 311331 Hutchings, K., Fenwick, M., Cieri, D. H., (2007). The challenge of international human resource management: balancing the duality of strategy and practice: The International Journal of Human Resource Management. 16(4). 584-598 John, L., Lynette, H., Tony, W., (2004).The Strategic Managing of Human Resource.New Jersey Katie, (2016).Key Differences Between Australian, American and British Work Culture. Retrieved on 31st March 2017 from https://www.languagetrainers.co.London /blog/2016/09/19/key-differences-between-australian-american-and-british-work-culture/ Khalid, G., Rehman, M. Z., (2010).Impact of HRM Practices on Orginizational Performance: NUML Journal Management and Technology. 16-27 Okpara, J. O., Pamela W., (2008). HRM Practices in a Transition Economy: Challenges and Prospects. Management Research News. 31 (1): 57 76 Stankiewicz, K., (2015). Contemporary Issues and Challenges in Human Resource Management. Retrieved on 31st March 2017 from https://zie.pg.edu.pl/documents/10693/38995566/Contemporary%20Issues%20and%20Challenges.pdf Taylor, B., (2015). Key challenges facing international market researchers, Retrieved on 31st March 2017 from https://www.languageconnect.net/blog/market-research/key-challenges-facing-international-market-researchers/ Tessema, M. T., Soeters, J. L., (2006).Challenges and Prospects of HRM in Developing Countries: Testing the HRP-Performance Link in Eritrea Civil Service: International Journal of Human Resource Management. 17(1): 86-105

Internet Tools at Dirt Bikes free essay sample

Since Dirt Bikes already has computer capabilities and internet access, my recommendations to reduce the communication costs, and providing a more efficient means to obtain information is to install a local area network (LAN) that would connect all of the company’s computer and allow access to one centralized computer. This computer would house an intranet, extranet, and wireless accessibility. An intranet, an internal communications and coordination website would provide the internal communication tools Dirt Bikes is seeking and reduce the amount of time spent on interoffice communication.The main benefits of an intranet include; better internal communications-corporate information can be shared centrally and accessed at any time; sharing of resources and best practices-a virtual community can be created that would provide an easy portal in which to share and collaborate ideas and information; reduction of paperwork-forms can be accessed and completed online and forwarded to the appropriate department without having to be printed out but still providing an audit trail, and improved customer service-staff will have better access to accurate and constituent information leading to better customer service. We will write a custom essay sample on Internet Tools at Dirt Bikes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page An intranet system would benefit the human resources department in reducing department costs by streamlining routine tasks and inquiries into a common area, thereby freeing up the human resources staff to work on other areas. Standardized forms, such as expense records, vacation requests, payroll dates, and employee handbooks can be placed on the intranet providing employees access to these forms without the intervention of the human resources department. Human resources can also use the intranet for online orientation and training.In addition, an online payroll system could be implemented via the intranet and payroll software. Employees could have access to information that would normally have had to be manually provided by the human resources department such as duplicate pay stubs for loan verification. Sales and marketing could benefit from an intranet system by creating an online community forum that would allow sharing information such as best practices, lessons learned, closing techniques, and relevant industry standards.Each salesperson’s sales and leads could be posted and tracked in a central location of the intranet. Sales managers could create surveys and polls that track customer responses to advertising thereby allowing them to measure the effectiveness of marketing campaigns. Having this information in one central location saves time, which saves money. Manufacturing and production could benefit from an intranet system as well. An up-to-date source of information concerning new techniques, orders placed, inventory, and other business-related information can be maintained.The intranet would provide an alternative to paper in the training aspect of manufacturing and production such as audio, video, and interactive applications. This would allow employees to stay informed on new policies, techniques, and training that is available. Having in-house training will save on the costs of sending employees to off-site training and producing hard copies of training documents. This would also allow real-time communication with the sales team by keeping them informed of production delays and estimates of completion on the items in the production line.The intranet could also provide a method to track compliance with health and safety, personnel, and other state and federal regulations. An intranet would give all departments the access to company-wide information that is required in one central location, thereby reducing the amount of time spent ensuring information is delivered to each department. This would result in less time spent on communications and reduce the associated costs. In addition, each department could have their own separate area on the intranet for information relevant to them. I also recommend Dirt Bikes consider an extranet.An extranet would allow customers and suppliers access to certain areas of the intranet. In this way customers could place orders directly with Dirt Bikes, track the status of their orders, and possibly even have online financing options. Marketing could use the extranet to promote sales, new products and innovations, or create a newsletter for retailers, customers, and suppliers. This capability would increase customer satisfaction and awareness, and reduce the cost of traditional marketing techniques. Dirt Bikes should also consider implementing wireless technology.Wireless technology would allow Dirt Bikes employees to stay in touch with the company no matter where they were. This could be especially beneficial to salesperson’s not physically at the corporate site. In addition, since not every employee may have access to a desk and computer terminal, wireless technology would allow all staff members the same access to the intranet. Employees could access the intranet using laptops, PDA’s, and even cell phones. Training could take place in any location not just locations that have been hard-wired for computer capabilities.Even though wireless technology would be a benefit and can be more convenient than wired technology, it can be costly. A wired LAN requires Ethernet cables, hubs and switches that can be very expensive. Although there is some free connection sharing software packages available, some cost a nominal fee. A broadband router offers easier installation and built-in security but can cost more than the Ethernet cabling; however, the added benefit of the ease installation may outweigh the additional cost associated with broadband.Wireless technology products typically cost somewhat more than equivalent wired Ethernet products and wireless adapters and access points may cost three to four times more than Ethernet cable adapters, switches/hubs. In conclusion Dirt Bikes could see a significant reduction in cost associated with communication in employee time, paper usage, and mailing costs by installing an intranet system. An intranet system would provide beneficial access to all departments and make the system much more efficient.